Commemorative head of a Oba (King)

Benin kingdom, Edo peoples, Nigeria, late 16th century. Copper alloy. Robert Owen Lehman Collection.

Commemorative head of a defeated neighboring leader

Benin kingdom, Edo peoples, Nigeria, late 15th–early 16th century. Copper alloy. Robert Owen Lehman Collection.

Pendant showing an Iyoba (Queen Mother) with a gong

Benin kingdom, Edo peoples, Nigeria, late 17th–early 18th century. Ivory. Robert Owen Lehman Collection.

Pectoral showing two officials

Benin kingdom, Edo peoples, Nigeria, 16th–17th century. Copper alloy. Robert Owen Lehman Collection.

Relief plaque showing a dignitary with a drum and two attendants striking gongs

Benin kingdom, Edo peoples, Nigeria, 16th–17th century. Copper alloy. Robert Owen Lehman Collection.

Relief plaque of a battle scene

Benin kingdom, Edo peoples, Nigeria, 16th–17th century. Copper alloy. Robert Owen Lehman Collection.

Horseman

Benin kingdom, Edo peoples, Nigeria, 16th century. Copper alloy. Robert Owen Lehman Collection.

Portuguese rifleman

Benin kingdom, Edo peoples, Nigeria, 16th century. Copper alloy. Robert Owen Lehman Collection.

Saltcellar

Sapi peoples, present-day Sierra Leone and Guinea, late 15th–early 16th century. Ivory. Robert Owen Lehman Collection.