The Black Panther Party, originally known as the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, created a platform in October 1966 in response to police violence, discrimination, and inequity. This document was published in every issue of The Black Panther newspaper from 1967 until 1980, when the paper went out of circulation. Chandler read the newspaper and attended party meetings in Boston around the time he crafted and delivered his own manifesto, list of demands, and plan of action to the MFA.